After the Pyrrhic victory of the Turkish nationalists of Mustafa Kemal at the Battle of Sakarya, the Greeks decided to end the crackdown on Ankara and withdrew to Afyonkarahisar and Eskisehir to build a new line of defense. Kemal take this respite to diplomatic contacts with the victorious powers in World War I, who had initially approved the Greek invasion of Anatolia by the end of the contest, and I try to bring positions closer to them. Britain continued to support the Greeks as it had done before, but Italy and France began to lean increasingly on the side of the Turks.
In addition to the growing loss of international support, the Greeks had to deal with contentious new King Constantine I as successor to the command of General Anastasios Papoul and replaced by Georgios Hatzanestis, considered crazy by his own men. This fell further weakened the morale of the occupying troops in Greece, who were beginning to believe that war will never end. On the military side, the Greek soldiers were better equipped than the Turks and better communicated. However, the Turks had more heavy artillery and cavalry corps commanded by General Fahrettin exceeded.
Kemal decided to attack the Greek lines in August 1922. To do so, I reinforced the Turkish army of Nureddin Pasha, which was then deployed against the southern flank of the Greek army in Afyonkarahisar. This move was really risky because it only strengthened the Turkish contingent enough to launch a single attack in case of failure the first attempt, would not be able to reject a Greek counterattack. Furthermore, the Greeks were in a spot easy to defend because of the complicated Relive the region, full of hills.
This defense was given by the I Corps of the Greek army under the command of General Trikoupis which had its headquarters in Afyon, north of these was the II Corps under General Dighenis. The supplies came through the line of railroad connecting with Dumlupinar Afyon, a fortified town situated in a valley about 48 kilometers west of Afyon, protected by mountains and Murat Dagi Ahir Dagi. Since the roads are Dumlupinar prolonged turn to the great Greek base in Izmir, where were the headquarters of Hatzanestis.